INZ-India

Introduction The influence of the West on Indian culture is one of the most significant developments in modern Indian history. This contact was primarily established through the British colonial presence after the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Indo-British relationship shaped India’s cultural, intellectual, and social life in profound ways. Initially, the British maintained an attitude of indifference toward Indian traditions. However, by the nineteenth century, under the impact of utilitarian and liberal philosophies emerging from Europe, they began to view Indian society as superstitious and backward, in need of reform. While their outlook often combined toleration with contempt, the interaction ultimately led to a fusion of ideas that transformed Indian culture. Western Influence on Literature One of the most remarkable contributions of the West was The Rediscovery of India Ancient Heritage . European scholars such as Warren Hastings, Sir William Jones, Sir Charles Wilkins...

Introduction Hindu temples in India are not merely architectural structures; they are profound symbols linking man with God, the earthly life with the divine. The temple, often referred to as devalaya literally The House of God is considered the dwelling place of the divine on earth, where devotees seek blessings and spiritual solace. Another term, prasada, meaning a palace of pleasing appearance, is also used to denote temples, emphasizing their grandeur and sacred purpose. Every part of a Hindu temple carries symbolic meaning, making it a spiritual microcosm of the universe. Symbolic Elements of the Temple The temple’s components are imbued with symbolism. The dhvajastambha (flag post) represents the insignia of the deity, while the prakara (outer walls) symbolize fortifications protecting the divine presence. The towering gopuram at the entrance serves as a majestic gateway, signifying the threshold between the mundane and the sacred. The term vimana is often used to denote...